Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Indonesia
conventional short form: Indonesia
local long form: Republik Indonesia
former: Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies
local short form: Indonesia

Government type

republic

Capital

Jakarta

Administrative divisions

27 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Riau, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*; note - with the implementation of decentralization on 1 January 2001, the 357 districts (regencies) have become the key administrative units responsible for providing most government services

note: following the 30 August 1999 provincial referendum for independence that was overwhelmingly approved by the people of Timor Timur and the October 1999 concurrence of Indonesia's national legislature, the name Timor Leste (East Timor) was adopted as the name for the political entity formerly known as Propinsi Timor Timur; East Timor gained its formal independence on 20 May 2002

National holiday

Independence Day, 17 August (1945)

Suffrage

17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age

Location

Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean

Geographic coordinates

5 00 S, 120 00 E

Map references

Southeast Asia

Area

total: 1,919,440 sq km
water: 93,000 sq km
land: 1,826,440 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly less than three times the size of Texas

Land boundaries

total: 2,830 km
border countries: East Timor 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km

Coastline

54,716 km

Maritime claims - as described in UNCLOS 1982 (see Notes and Definitions)

measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM

Climate

tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Terrain

mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m

Natural resources

petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver

Land use

arable land: 11.32%
permanent crops: 7.23%
other: 81.45% (2001).

GDP

purchasing power parity - $827.4 billion (2004 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

4.9% (2004 est.)

GDP - per capita

purchasing power parity - $3,500 (2004 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

agriculture: 14.6%
industry: 45%
services: 40.4% (2004 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture 45%
industry 16%
services 39% (1999 est.)

Industries

petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism

Agriculture - products

rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra, poultry, beef, pork, eggs

Exports

$69.86 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Exports - commodities

oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber

Exports - partners

Japan 21.8%
US 13.5%
China 7.5%
Singapore 7.4%
South Korea 5.9%
Malaysia 4.9% (2004) .

Imports

$45.07 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Imports - commodities

machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs

Imports - partners

Japan 19.3%
China 11%
Singapore 9.2%
Thailand 6.8%
Malaysia 6.5%
US 5.7%
Australia 5%
Germany 4.2% (2004)

Currency

Indonesian rupiah (IDR)

Currency code

IDR

Exchange rates

Indonesian rupiahs per US dollar - 8,938.9 (2004), 8,577.1 (2003), 9,311.2 (2002), 10,260.8 (2001), 8,421.8 (2000)

Fiscal year

calendar year previously was 1 April - 31 March, but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar year